Turkish is a rather complicated language with many long structured sentences. The most important word (i.e. the point you want to emphasize) goes in front of the verb which is normally at the end of the sentence. You usually stress the last syllable of a
Phrase book
Turkish is a rather complicated language with many long structured sentences.However the grammar is virtually free of exceptions and irregularities.
The most important word (i.e. the point you want to emphasize) goes in front of the verb which is normally at the end of the sentence. You usually stress the last syllable of a word.

Here are a few general rules for pronounciation:
c is pronounced dj (job)
ç is pronounced ch (church)
s is pronounced s
ş is pronounced sh (sheep)
j is pronounced s (similar to the s in pleasure)
ı is pronounced as the unstressed e (excellent)
ö is pronounced ö(as vowel in dirt but short)
ü is pronounced ü (as the French u in tu)
ğ has no sound but lengthens the preceding vowel (similar to gh in weight)

Also, there is no q, w or x in the Turkish alphabet – hence the word taksi (taxi).

Remember that Turkish is a phonetic language, which means that the words are pronounced exactly as they are spelled and each letter stands for a single sound.
Body language:
Also Turkish body language is different from British and it can often say more than a thousand words.
Inclining head backwards raising eyebrows: means “no”
Inclining head forwards: means “yes”
Shaking your head from side to side: You do not understand what is being said
One hand placed on the heart: You are very excited
Bending hand downwards at wrist and waving: means ”come closer” or can be a means for stopping buses or taxis. To ”thumb it” is not known in Turkey.
Rubbing your palms against each other:means ”done” or to finish something
Turned-up palm and fingers held together forming a small ”bowl” : means “good”, and is used for example when commenting on food

The following is an overview of the most important words and phrases which you can use when visiting Turkey.
Courtesy phrases:
Yes Evet
No Hayır
Thank you Teşekkür ederim
Yes please Evet teşekkürler
No thank you Hayır teşekkürler
Please Lütfen
Hello Merhaba
Good day Iyi günler
Good morning Günaydın
Good evening İyi akşamlar
Good night İyi geceler
Goodbye Görüşürüz
Welcome Hoşgeldiniz
My name is Benim adım
What is your name? Senin adın ne?
Pleased to meet you Taniştiğimiza memnun oldum
Excuse me Pardon
I beg your pardon Efendim (pardon)
How are you? Nasılsın
I do not understand Anlamıyorum
I do not know Bilmiyorum

Numbers:
0 Sıfır
1 Bir
2 Iki
3 Üç
4 Dört
5 Beş
6 Altı
7 Yedi
8 Sekiz
9 Dokuz
10 On
11 On-bir
12 On-iki etc.
20 Yirmi
30 Otuz
40 Kirk
50 Elli
60 Altmiş
70 Yetmiş
80 Seksen
90 Doksan
100 Yüz
200 Iki yüz etc.
1.000 Bin
10.000 On Bin
100.000 Yüz bin
1.000.000 Bir milyon

Restaurant:
Menu Menü
Do you have a vacant table? Boş masa varmı?
A table for four Dört kişilik bir masa
Tip Bahşiş
Cheers Şerefe
The bill please Hesap lütfen
Where is the toilet? Tuvalet nerede?
Can we pay with credit card? Kredi kartıyla ödeyebilirmiyiz?
Fish Balık
Veal Dana eti
Lamb Kuzu eti
Salt Tuz
Pepper Biber
Sugar Şeker
Red wine Kırmızı şarap
White wine Beyaz şarap
Beer Bira
Water Su
Milk Süt

Hotel:
Towel Havlu
Soap Sabun
Cleaning Temizlik
Sheet Çarşaf
Blanket Battaniye
Quilt/duvet Yorgan
Hot water Sıcak su
Cold water Soğuk su
Passport Pasaport
Safety box Kasa
Air Conditioning Klima
I would like a double room İki kişilik bir oda istiyorum
I would like to change rooms Odamı değiştirmek istiyorum
Please wake us up at 6 Lütfen bizi altıda uyandırın

Shopping:
Open Açık
Closed Kapalı
How much does it cost? Kaç para?
I am just looking Yalnız bakıyorum
Can I try this? Bunu deneyebilirmiyim?
We will come back again tomorrow Yarın yine geleceğiz
Red Kırmızı
Yellow Sarı
Green Yeşil
Blue Mavi
Black Siyah
White Beyaz
Expensive Pahalı
It is too expensive Çok pahalı
Inexpensive/cheap Ucuz
Kilogramme Kilo
Gram me Gram
Gold Altın
Leather Deri

Sightseeing, transport and travel:
Entrance Giriş
Exit Cıkış
Information Danışma/Enformasyon
Right Sağ
Left Sol
Straight Düz/Direkt
Stop Dur
Driving licence Ehliyet
Petrol station Benzin istasyonu
Please fill up the car Tam depo lütfen
Unleaded petrol Kurşunsuz benzin
Airport Havalimanı
Ticket Bilet
Bus/Coach Otobüs
Bus station Otogar
Please drive more carefully Lütfen daha dikkatli sürünüz
We are lost Kaybolduk
Street Sokak/Cadde
Centre Merkez
North Kuzey
South Güney
East Doğu
West Batı
Close Yakın
Far away Uzak
Museum Müze
Mosque Cami
Castle Kale
Ruin Harabe
Tower Kule

Time:
What time is it? Saat kaç?
Monday Pazartesi
Tuesday Salı
Wednesday Çarsamba
Thursday Perşembe
Friday Cuma
Saturday Cumartesi
Sunday Pazar
Yesterday Dün
Tomorrow Yarın
Today Bügün

Health and Medical Care:
Doctor Doktor
Hospital Hastane
Pharmacy Eczane
Fever Ateş
Pain Acı
Sore throat Boğaz ağrısı
Headache Kafa ağrısı
Condom Prezervatif
Sunscreen Güneş kremi
Diarrhoea İshal
Constipation Kabızlık

Various:
What? Ne?
How? Nasıl?
How much? Ne kadar?
Who? Kim?
When? Ne zaman?
Large/small Büyük/Küçük
Early/late Erken/Geç
Good/bad İyi/Kötü
Beautiful Güzel